Studies of Organic Matter in Composting, Vermicomposting, and Anaerobic Digestion by 13C Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy

Composting, vermicomposting, and anaerobic digestion are three commonly applied processes for the transformation of organic waste into valuable products soil amendment. The application compost, vermicompost, digestate to requires specific properties, such as maturity stability, strongly related composition matter. 13C solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (SSNMR) has often been follow matter during treatment processes, well assess quality produced amendments effectiveness treatments. Thanks possibility associating chemical shift different functional groups biomacromolecules present in feedstocks final products, thorough characterizations have performed exploiting cross-polarization magic angle spinning experiments, semiquantitative descriptions evolution composting, vermicomposting reported. Here, these studies reviewed with aim highlighting potential SSNMR complex materials, critical issues perspectives.